When it comes to **Tool and Die Steel D2 Bars**, they’re well-known for their incredible hardness, impressive wear resistance, and stability in dimensions, making them perfect for precision tooling tasks. This high-carbon, high-chromium air-hardening tool steel offers a fantastic mix of compressive strength, toughness, and abrasion resistance. These bars are designed to handle heavy loads, endure repeated impacts, and thrive in tough operating conditions without losing their sharpness or shape. Thanks to their great machinability and durability, Tool and Die Steel D2 Bars are a go-to choice for crafting dies, punches, cutting tools, and a variety of industrial components.
D2 Bars are made up of high carbon and high chromium, usually featuring around 1.5–2% carbon and 11–13% chromium, along with trace amounts of molybdenum, vanadium, and manganese. This unique blend gives them remarkable mechanical properties, including high hardness, excellent wear resistance, strong compressive strength, and good toughness. D2 steel keeps its stability during heat treatment and shows minimal changes in dimensions. Plus, its high chromium content provides moderate resistance to corrosion. These characteristics make D2 Bars perfect for high-performance applications that require longevity, sharp edges, and resistance to wear.
| ASTM A681 | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | V | Mo | ||||||
| D2 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 11 | 13 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.2 |
| DIN ISO 4957 | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | V | Mo | ||||||
| 1.2379/X153CrMo12 | 1.45 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.15 | 1.6 | 11 | 13 | 0.7 | 1 | 0.7 | 1 |
| JIS G4404 | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | V | Mo | ||||||
| SKD11 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.4 | 11 | 13 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.2 | ||
| Mechanical Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Hardness, Knoop (converted from Rockwell C hardness) | 769 | 769 |
| Hardness, Rockwell C | 62 | 62 |
| Hardness, Vickers | 748 | 748 |
| Izod impact unnotched | 77.0 J | 56.8 ft-lb |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
| Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30457 ksi |
| Country | USA | German | Japan |
| Standard | ASTM A681 | DIN EN ISO 4957 | JIS G4404 |
| Grades | D2 | 1.2379/X153CrMo12 | SKD11 |
| Properties | Conditions | ||
| T (°C) | Treatment | ||
| Thermal expansion | 10.4 x 10-6/ºC | 20-100 | – |
Tool and Die Steel D2 Bars can be welded, but it's challenging due to their high carbon content. Preheating, post-weld heat treatment, and using specific filler materials are essential.
Tool and Die Steel D2 Bars are semi-corrosion-resistant due to high chromium content (12%). While not fully stainless, they offer moderate resistance to rust in less aggressive environments.
Tool and Die Steel D2 Bars should be stored in a dry, ventilated area to prevent moisture exposure. Use protective coatings like oil or rust inhibitors to minimize corrosion risk.
You’ll find Tool and Die Steel D2 Bars widely used in industries that depend on durable, high-strength tooling materials. They’re ideal for creating blanking dies, forming dies, punch tools, shear blades, industrial knives, mold inserts, gauges, and extrusion tools. Their outstanding abrasion resistance makes them capable of handling tough materials and enduring repetitive production cycles. D2 Bars are also commonly utilized in the automotive, metalworking, and plastic molding sectors.






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